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Understanding the Types of Solar Panels


 

Monocrystalline Silicon

Also sometimes called Mono-Si or single-crystalline silicon, monocrystalline silicon solar panels are the most common among the three types of solar panels. They’re made by adding a crystalline seed that solidifies the silicon, it’s shaped into bars and then cut into the squares that make up the panel. The resulting material is high quality, with consistent crystalline structures that enhance the panels’ efficiency. The panels typically have cells with the corners cut off, giving them a characteristic look. Advantages of these panels include:

 

  • High solar panel efficiency ratings ranging from 15 to 20 percent or better, as noted by Energy Informative.
  • Space efficiency requiring the least amount of space compared to other types of solar panels.
  • They’re the most durable and typically come with a 25-year warranty.
 

Polycrystalline Silicon

Often called p-Si or multi-crystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon solar panels are made by melting raw silicon. That gets poured into a mold that’s cooled before cutting it into perfect squares, giving these solar panels a different look than their Mono-Si counterparts. Because the process is simpler, these solar panels are also less expensive. The solar panel efficiency ranges from 13 to 16 percent on average. Additionally, they do take up more space.

Thin-Film Solar

 
Thin-film solar panels are manufactured differently than other types of solar panels. They’re made by layering photovoltaic materials like cadmium telluride, organic photovoltaic cells, amorphous silicon or copper indium. Depending on the type of material used, the efficiency of this type of panel runs up to around 13 percent or so, according to Energy Informative. Because they’re easy to make, they’re typically less expensive. Additionally, they have a uniform appearance that many homeowners find appealing. They do take up a lot of space, so they’re not always a good fit.
 

Multijunction Solar

 

 

The latest solar panel technology, multijunction solar, offers efficiency of around 40 percent according to Vivint Solar. This type of solar panels are created a little differently, with layers of semiconductors, each able to convert light into energy differently to waste less of the light and provide more power. Although they’re very efficient, they’re also cost-prohibitive. These solar panels are typically only used in research labs and satellites.

Tips for Buying Solar Panels

Unsure about how to choose the right solar panels for your home? You’re not alone. But these tips can make the buying process easier
  • Space: If you have tons of open space to install your panels, you might consider the larger setups. But if you’re short on space, you might have to compromise by choosing a smaller setup or the pricier monocrystalline silicon panels, which offer maximum efficiency in minimum space.
  • Budget: You can use the dollars per watt calculation to figure out how much you need to spend to power your home. Many experts suggest looking for panels in the neighborhood of $4 per-watt. For example, if you’re choosing a panel with a maximum energy output of 200 watts, it would cost around $800.

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